Mold



C. VAUGHAN MOLD Filed July 25. 1924 4 sheets-sheet 1 Oct. 18, 1927.

Il' I Ill C. VAUGHAN MOLD Oct. 18, 1927. 1,645,728

Filed July 25. 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 1 645,728 Oct. 18, 1927. VAUGHAN MOLD Filed July 25. 1924 4 sheets-sheet 4 Patented on. 1s, 1927.

UNITED STATES 1,645,728l PATENT OFFICE.

CONRAD' VAUGHANQ' OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, 4A'SEIIGNOR -TO THE PEBMOLD COMPANY,

^ I OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, CORPORATION OF OHIO.

nomi.

Application lcd J'u'ly 25,

This invention relates to molding apparatus and particularly to permanent metal molds.

An object of the present invention 1s tol 5 provide a permanent mold for casting articles ofthe shape requiring the use of a core and in which the core is movable downwardly out of the casting cavity. A further object of the invention is tol l provide a mold particularly for casting cupshaped articles in which-the mold pro er comprises complementary parts mova le along a common support and in which a permanent core is movable upwardly into the l casting cavit and downwardly out of same, whereby itv 1s aided by gravity in freeing itself from the casting. f

Another object of the invention is to provide such a mold in which a plurality of' '20 cup-shaped castings can be cast at the same time, the cores simultaneously removable and the mold sections simultaneously sep-` arable.

With the above and other objects in, view .25 the invention may be said` to comprise the ap'paratusfditclosed in the accompanying' drawings hereinafter described and particularly set'forth in the appended claims together with such variations and modifica- :mh tions thereof `as will be apparent to one skilled in the art to which the invention appertains. p

Reference should be had to the accompanying drawings forming a, part of this specification in'which:

Figure- 1 is a top plan view of the casting apparatus.

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken longitudinally of the frame as indicated by line 2 2 of Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a side elevation showing the mold in open position.

Fig. 4 is aitransverse vertical section taken centrally through the mold on line 4 4 of Figure2.

Fig. 5 is a top plan view of a casting formed in one of the mold cavities.

. Fig. 6 is a vertical section on line 6-6 of vwhich the castings 1924. serial no.' 728,074.

T ing operation and to be separated after the casting is formed. The mold sections 4, 4 are formed with recesses 5, 5 on their innery or meeting faces which extend from the bottom of the sections upwardly toward the to'p thereof and which when the sections 4, 4 are secured together form the casting cavities in 10 are formed. Extending upwardly from. the recesses 5 are complerhental recesses 6 which may widen toward the upper edges of the sections and which when the sections are' secured together form. relatively small spr-ue cavities communicating'with the casting cavities by 'relatively small gates. As many casting cavities 7may be formed by recesses in the meeting faces of the two sections as may be desired. The accompanying drawing shows two such casting cavities formed between the ends of the mold sections, and, obviously, the -number might be greater or less.-

Tocenter the mold sections on the supporting bed the bed 2 is provided midway between its ends with bushings .7 projecting a short distance above the bed 2 and positioned so that-they are concentric with the casting cavities when the two sections 4, 4'

are secured together; the mold, sections 4, 4 being rabbeted at 8 lalong the lower edges of the recesses 5 to provide shoulders engaging the sides and tops of the bushings.

Slidably fitting in each of the bushings 7 is a core 9 adapted to be moved frorna position below the top of thebushing 7 toa position within the casting' cavity; thei casting cavity being between the outer sections 4, 4 and the core 9, and the core and mold sections being shaped to form the inner and outer surfaces of the casting, respectively.

The castingl() formed by the mold illustrated herein has a cylindrical skirt portion 11 and a head 12 which has a thickened portion 13 and apertures 14. To 'form holes in 100 the thickened portions of the head the mold sections 4 have inwardly projecting core pins 17 which may extend into engagement with 'the core 9. i

The outeror lower end of the skirt 11 of 105 each casting rests on a bushin 7 so that when a core 9 is moved downwarl as hereinafter described, the cast-ing will be held against such downward movement.

For shifting the sections 4, 4f" and` for 11.0

are pivated at one side of the bed2 andextend across the Vbed on oppositesides of the bushings 7. The mold sections 4, 4 have rearwardly extendin flanges 20, 20 respec, tively, which have ownwar'dly projecting pins 21 fixed thereto lwhich engagein elongated slots 22 in the operating levers. The ree ends of the two levers 18 and 19 project beyond the edge Aof the bed 2 so that they can be lconveniently operated to shift the sections. The lever 18 is provided adjacenty its end with teeth 23', and the lever 19 has a link 24 pivoted to the end thereof which has a handle 25 yat its free end and an intermediate ort-ion 26 adapted toreceive the toothe end of the lever 18, the portion 26 being provided4 with a` detent 2.7

adapted to engage with the teeth of the lever` l18 to lock the sections 4 together. When the `mold sections' 4 are in engagement with each other the two levers '18 and 19 converge toward their free ends so that by pushing'the link 24 inwardly the leversexert pressure upon the mold sections, the detent 27 serving t'o lock the sections together under pressure.

Each ofthe cores 9 is hollow and.4 is secured at its lower end to a head 28,0f a rigid rod 30, there being a collar 29 at the lower part of the head on which the lower annular end of the core is supported. The core is secured to the head 28 by means of locking' pin 28. A removable collar 31 is secured to the collar 29 by means of screws 32 and the collar 31 forms a limiting stopv for limiting upward movement of the core for it extends outwardly from the rod 30 to engage the bushing 7.

The upper portion of the core 9 preferably has a separate collared pin 33 therein which provides avent inthe upper part of the core. The pin 33 may be supported any suitable means such as a supporting pin `33 removably secured to the top of the head 28. At the sides of the core 9 are preferably located guides 34 which slide in guideways 34 formedin the ,bushing 7 so that the cores'will, notA move circumferentially when being inserted into the mold or withdrawn therefrom. y 4

Racks 35 are formed on one side of each of the rods 30 and these racks mesh withV an elongated-pinion 36 formed ona shaft 37 which is journaled in oppositesides of the frame and extends transverselyx across the frame, the shaft 37 projecting rom one side of the frame and having a handle 38 by means of which it may be rotated to shift the core quickly into or out of the mold. a counterweight 39 being provided on an arm 39 extending from the shaft 37 which normally holds the' cores' in their uppermost position. l

After a casting has been poured and has solidified suiciently the sections 4, 4 may be Luanne 'ly adjusting the core preparatory to pouring, but Vto reinbver the core `from the casting.

sometimes requires more force than vcan be conveniently applied throuvhthe rack.` and pinion. To loosen the rcore from the casting` each Jrod 30 has its-lower end below the base member 1 of the frame' threaded and on each of the. threaded ends there is a nut 40.V

Connected to the nuts 40 yfor rotative movement therewith are collars'40a provided with sockets. The collar 40 adjacent the 4operator has a pair of sockets and-in one i -separated by releasing the levers 18 and 19 y of ythem is disposed an operating handle 41. i

The other socket in this collar receives an arm 41. which actuates the arm 41" through the connecting link-11, so that both of the froids 30 will loosen'both of the cores from the casting when the operating handle 41 is turned. .As soon as the cores are loosened they can be quickly shifted to a position be.- low the top of the bed by turning the shaft37. u.

It will be seen from the construction illustrated, that after the pouring of a casting,

casting, and the mold Sectionssubsequently separated. This procedure is preferably in the formation of castings from metal of relsolidification ofthe casting will permit. The

mechanism operated by the lever 41 permits tlie use Aof relatively great force to free a core from a casting engaging the core relatively tightly because of Such shrinkage.-

The feature of non-rotat-ability of the core is of particular advantage when the core is withdrawn from contact wit-li the cast-ing relatively short-ly after the cast-ing operation, since in suclicase, due to said non-rotatability, the core may be withdrawn without danger of injury to a partlycooled fragile casting, even though the interior of s uch 'casting and the exterior of such coi'e, be irregular or intricate in shape, such as in the construction shown.

It will thus beissen that I have' provided a permanent moldl of advantageous characteristics whereby castings' of a given predetermined shape may be readily and accurately formed.

It will further benoted that I have provided an advantageous permanent mold coinprising a plurality of separable' mold sections having complemental recesses forming -tlie core may be first withdrawn from the a substantially cups-shaped cavity, open- 'ing downwardly andhaving a permanent' -termined position with -respect to recessed mold sections 'and' in which the core may be readily separated'from the casting after the casting operation without dan r of damagin'g the casting, even though t e exterior of the coreand the interior `of the casting be of irregular or intricate shape.

AIt will moreover be noted that I have provided a mold of characteristics particularly advantageous lfor the casting of metals of relatively high crystallization shrinkage and relatively low. freezing point such as, for example, aluminum alloys. l

, In my improvedmold I have furthermoreprovideda core which may be moved upwardly into accurately predetermined position relative tothe mold sections.

It will also be seen that I have provided an improved mold in which the lower .edges of an inverted substantiallycup-shaped casting y may be supported during the downward withdrawal of the core'from the mold cavity.` Y x It will also ybe* seen that I `have disclosed an advantageous form of permanent core l provided with vents. to conduct air from the mold cavity whereby the casting metal may be readily caused to conform closely to the external shape bf the core.

Furthermore it-is to be understood that the particular forms of 'apparatus shown and described, and .the particular procedure set forth, are presented for purposes of explanation and illustration and that various modifications of said apparatus and procedure can be made without departing from my invention as defined in the appended claims.

lfVhat I claim is:

l. The combination with a permanent mold having a cup-shaped cavity opening downwardly, of a permanent core adapted to be positioned within the cavity and adapted to be withdrawn from the mold by downward movement, said core being provided with-means to prevent circumferential displacement thereof during the operation of said mold.

2. .The combination with a permanent mold having a cup-shaped cavity openin downwardly, of a'permanent core adapte to be positioned within the cavity and adapted to be withdrawn from the lmold by downward movement, vents providing coininunication from the casting cavity to the interior of the core to permit air to escape thereinto, and means to prevent circumferential displacement of said coro.

3. The combination with a permanent mold for casting cup-shaped articles from metal having-a high crystallization shrinkageand relatively `low freezing point, of a frame, a pair of complemental mold sections mounted for guided lateral movement on said frame, said mold sections having coinplemental recesses in their inner faces forming a mold cavity opening downwardly, and a permanent lcore adapted to be positioned within the cavity'and to be withdrawnfrom the mold by downward movement, said corex being prevented from circumferential movelment during the removal of the core from ycontact with the vsurface of the casting.

4. The combination' with a permanent mold comprising a pair of supplemental mold sections mounted for lateral movement toward and from each other upon a support- 'ing frame, o f a permanent core mounted for vertical movement in the frame, said sec tions having complemental recesses to form a casting cavity, said core being withdrawable from said casting cavity by downward movement, and a gate disposed -:in said sections above said casting cavity, said core being hollow and having vents extending into the interior thereofv from the casting cavity -to yprevent 'entrapment of air in said casting-cavity. f

5. The combination ywith a permanent mold for casting cup-shaped articles, of a pair of complemental mold sections mounted for lguided lateral .movement on a frame, said mold sections having complemental recesses in their inner faces forming a casting cavity opening downwardly, and a permanent core vertically supported beneath they mold sections and adapted to be inserted between them to complete the mold and a part surrounding the core adapted to support the casting as the core is being withdrawn therefrom.

`6. Molding apparatus comprising a fixed support, lateral y movable permanent mold sections carried by the support, means for kholdin-g said sections together and forshifting said sections in opposite directions, a vertically movable non-rotatable permanent core carried by said support adapted to be inserted between said sections by upward movement thereof, core'4 pins carried by said sections and adapted to engage said vertically movable core.

7. In a molding apparatus, a fixed support, a pair of separable permanent mold sectionsmounted upon the support, said sections being formed to provide a sprue cavity and casting cavity, a permanent core mounted on said support and movable upwardly into the casting cavity and downwardly out of contact with a casting, a rod depending from said core, said rod having a rack portion, and a pinion engaging the rack portion for shifting the core.

8. The invention specified in claim 7Y in which said rod also has ascrew, threaded portion, anut engaging the screw threaded i portion v'and a fixed member above saidy nut,

whereby when said nut is turned said core will be shifted.

9. In amolding apparatus, a supporting bed having a guideway thereon and a raised portion intermediate the ends of the guideways, a pair`v of permanent mold sections mounted in said guideways on opposite sides of said raised portion, said sections having `complemental recesses ada ted to form a posed permanent core mounted in said raised casting cavity above said ,raised portion and to -form a gate leading from a sprue cavity to said casting cavity, and a vertically disportion and' vertically movable through the bed into vthe mold.

10. Molding apparatus comprising' a fixed,

support, a pair of laterally'movable comfplemental permanent mold sections mounted on said support, said sections being formed to provide a plurality of mold cavities, sprue cavities'and gates for each of the mold cavities, a plurality of vertically movable' per manent cores carried b said support, means for simultaneously shifting the' cores, and means carried by said ixedsupport to support castings formed invsa1d mold cavities while said cores are being withdrawn from i said mold. cavities.

' permanent cores ,carriedy by said bed for movement upwardlyl into and downwardly out of lsaid castng`cavities, .means carried by said supporting bed to suppo'rt castings while said cores are being moved downwardly out lof said casting cavities, means for shiftingsaid mold sections on said bed,

and means for simultaneously moving said cores. y

12. Molding apparatus comprising a supporting bed having a guideway thereon, and a raised mold centering portion intermediate the ends thereof, a pair of permanent mold sections slidably mounted in the guideway on opposite sides of the raised portion,

, a pair of levers pivoted at one end at one side of the guideway, projecting across the runway and connected intermediate` their ends to said mold sections, andmea'nsconnecting the levers to secure the mold sections y together.

.. 13. Molding apparatus comprising ay supporting bed having a guideway thereon and Aa raised mold centering portionintermediate f said levers havin a guideway thereon, a

the ends thereof, a vpair of mold sections slidable in the runwa on opposite sides of the raised portion an adapted to. engage each vother over the raised portion, a pair of levers pivoted to the support on one side of the guideway and projecting across the guideway, said levers beine' connected intermediate their ends to saidD mold sections, oneof teeth at the end lthereof and a link pivotal `carried by the other of saidj levers, said li having a detent engageable with said teeth.

14. The combination with a permanent mold comprising a pair of complemental mold sections Lmounted for lateral movement toward and from each other upon a sup ort.- ing frame, of permanent cores, mounte for vertical movement in said frame, said sec# tions having complemental recesses to form casting cavities therein, said cores being withdrawable from said casting cavities by 'Y downward movement, said cores being mounted on vertical rods, means for engaging said rods to [shift said core sections simultaneolisly` upwardly or downwardly',

lmeans to prevent rotativemovement of said core sectionsl durin'g the vertical movement thereof, and means for simultaneously engaging said rods to move them downwardly simultaneously a limited amount to loosen.

the cores from the castings. 15. In a permanent mold adapted for ca sting substantially cup-shaped 'articles from metal having a relatively high crystalliza-v tion shrinkage and a relatively low freezing point, in combination, a support, a plurality of separable mold'sections, means for guiding said mold sections into and out of predetermined molding sition on said support, said mold sections aving complemental recesses in their innerfaces forming a substantially cup-shaped casting cavity open? ing downwardly, a ermancnt core arranged to be moved upwar ly into molding position withinsaid casting cavity and to be'withdrawn downwardly therefrom, means for preventing rotative movement of said core' whereby to maintain said core in definite rotative position ,with respect to said support and mold sect-ions, means for limiting the extent of upward movement of said core into said casting cavity, and means forv cooperating with and supporting the lower edges of a. casting during the withdrawal of the core whereby the casting may remain within the casting cavit and the core be readily separated from t e asting `and withdrawn outwardly of the existing cavity.` v

16. In a permanent mold adapted for casting substantially cup-shaped articles from metal having a relatively high crystallization shrinkage and a relatively low freezing point, in combination, a support, a lurality of separable mold sections,` means or guiding said moldsections into and out of predeimi` ' casting kcavity and to be withdrawn down-Y wardly therefrom, means for preventing roterior shape of the core,

i ing cavity, said core being tative movement of the core whereby. to

maintain said corevin definite rotative'positior1"'iv"ith` respectto Said support and mold sections, means for limiting the extent of upward movement of said core into said castair away. from the' casting cavity whereby the casting metal may closely conform to theexmeans for cooperating with and supporting the lower edges of a casting during the withdrawal of the core whereby the casting may remain within the casting cavit and the core be readily separated from t e casting and withdrawn outwai'dlyvof the casting-cavity.l

17.. In a permanent mold adapted for castf ing` substantially cup-shaped articles from sections into and vented to conduct in etal having a relatively high crystallization shrinkage and a relatively low freezing point, in combination, a support, a plurality of separable mold sections mounted 011 said support, means. for guiding said mold out of predetermined molding position on said support, lsaid mold sections having complemental recesses"in their inner faces forming a substantially cup-shaped casting cavity'iopening down-- wardly and a relatively small sprue cavity above said casting cavity and a relatively small gate intermediate and communicating with said sprue Iand casting cavities, a pei'- manent core arranged to be moved upwardly into 'molding position within said casting cavity. and to be withdrawn.; downwardly therefrom, said core and supportcooperating whereby `to limit the upward movement of the core andto prevent rotative" movement of the core so ,that castings of intricate interior shape y,may be readily formed', said core being vented to conductair away from the casting cavity whereby the casting metal may closely of the core.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto affix my signature.

CONRAD VAUGHAN.

conform to the exterior shape 

